STUDI KOMPARASI METODE GEOLISTRIK DENGAN BOR TANGAN UNTUK ESTIMASI CADANGAN KARBON GAMBUT
Keywords:
Estimasi cadangan, gambut, geolistrik, karbon
Abstract
Gambut merupakan salah satu sumberdaya lahan yang mempunyai fungsi hidroekologi dan berperan penting pada sistem biosfer sebagai sumber karbon, pengendali sirkulasi CO2, dan berpengaruh besar pada kondisi keseimbangan karbon di atmosfer bumi. Gambut merupakan tanah yang terbentuk dari bahan organik, yang berakumulasi dan semakin lama akan terbentuk penebalan lapisan gambut dengan jumlah bahan organik yang terakumulasi semakin banyak. Terdapat hubungan yang erat antara ketebalan gambut dengan kandungan bahan organik dan juga dengan kandungan karbon dalam bahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cadangan karbon di bawah permukaan berdasarkan pengukuran ketebalan gambut. Pengukuran ketebalan gambut dilakukan dengan membandingkan antara metode geofisika (tahanan jenis/geolistrik) atau vertical electrical sounding (VES) dengan komparasi manual (bor gambut). Estimasi cadangan karbon lahan gambut menggunakan geolistrik pada daerah penelitian di Blok I sebesar 121.021,80 ton/blok dan Blok II sebesar 78,360,49 ton/blok. Perbandingannya, estimasi cadangan karbon lahan gambut menggunakan bor tangan pada daerah penelitian di Blok I adalah 122.694,92 ton/blok dan Blok II adalah 75.021,13 ton/blok. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara metode geolistrik dan bor manual pada lahan gambut di daerah penelitian.
References
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[4] Ritzema, H., Limin, S., Kusin, K., Jauhiainen, J., Wösten, H. (2014). Canal blocking strategies for hydrological restoration of degraded tropical peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Catena, (114), 11–20.
[5] Tian, H., Lu, C., Ciais, P., Michalak, AM., Canadell, JG., Saikawa, E., Huntzinger, DN., Gurney, KR., Sitch, S., Zhang, B., Yang, J. Bousquet, P., Bruhwiler, L., Chen, G., Dlugokencky, E., Friedlingstein, P., Melillo, J., Pan, S., Poulter, B., Prinn, R., Saunois, M., Schwalm, CR., Wofsy, SC. (2016). The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Nature, (531), 225-232.
[6] Lindo, Z and Gonzalez, A. (2010). The Bryosphere: An Integral and Influential Component of the Earth’s Biosphere. Ecosystems (13), 612–627.
[7] Radomski, M., Gilmer, A., Byers, V., McGovern, E. (2019). Carbon dioxide measurement in Irish blanket peatlands: An assessment of pool-soil flux variability. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, (2), 1-12.
[8] Jaenicke, J. Englhart, S., Siegert, F. (2011). Monitoring the effect of restoration easures in Indonesian peatlands by radar satellite imagery. Journal of Environmental Management, (92), 630-638.
[9] Lohila, A., Minkkinen, K., Aurela, M., Tuovinen, JP. Penttila, T., Ojanen, P., Laurila, T. (2011). Greenhouse gas flux measurements in a forestry-drained peatland indicate a large carbon sink. Biogeosciences, (8), 3203–3218.
[10] Mudge, PL., Wallace, DF., Rutledge, S., Campbell, DI., Schipper, LA., Hosking, CL. (2011). Carbon balance of an intensively grazed temperate pasture in two climatically contrasting years. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, (144), 271-280.
[11] Salvador, F., Monerris, J., Rochefort, L.(2015). Peatlands of the Peruvian Puna ecoregion: types, characteristics and disturbance. Mires and Peat, 15(03), 1–17.
[12] Yu, MT., Bragg, O.; Sirin, AA.(2013). Towards ecosystem-based restoration of peatland biodiversity. Mires and Peat, 19(01), 1–36.
[13] Agus C., Azmi, FF., Widiyatno, Ilfana, ZR. Wulandari, D., Rachmanadi, D., Harun, KM, Yuwati, TW.(2019). The Impact of Forest Fire on the Biodiversity and the Soil Characteristics of Tropical Peatland. In: Leal Filho W., Barbir J., Preziosi R. (eds) Handbook of Climate Change and Biodiversity. Climate Change Management. Springer, Cham.
[14] Sajarwan, A.(2007). Kajian Karakteristik Gambut Tropika yang Dipengaruhi oleh Jarak dari Sungai, Ketebalan Gambut dan Tipe Hutan di Daerah Aliran Sungai Sabangau. Disertasi, Sekolah Pascasarjana: Universitas Gadjah Mada.
[15] Silvestri, S., Knight, R., Viezzoli, A., Richardson, C. J., Anshari, G. Z., Dewar, N, Flanagan, N., Comas, X.(2019). Quantification of Peat Thickness and Stored Carbon at the Landscape Scale in Tropical Peatlands: A Comparison of Airborne Geophysics and an Empirical Topographic Method. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, (124), 3107-3123.
[16] Comas, X., Terry, N., Slater, L., Warren, M., Kolka, R., Kristiyono, A., Sudiana, N., Nurjaman, D., Darusman, T.(2015). Imaging Tropical Peatlands in Indonesia using Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI): Implications for Carbon Stock Estimates and Peat Soil Characterization. Biogeosciences, (12), 2995–3007.
[17] Beucher, A., Koganti, T., Iversen, B. V., Greve, M. H.(2020). Mapping of Peat Thickness using a Multi-Receiver Electromagnetic Induction Instrument. Journal of Remote Sensing, (12), 1-21.
[18] Lestari, TL., Ilham, W., Asyari, M. (2019). Estimasi Kandungan Karbon Pada Berbagai Tingkat Kerapatan Vegetasi di Lahan Gambut Kecamatan Aluh-Aluh. Jurnal Sylva Scienteae, 02(5), 875-883.
[19] Salampak. (1999). Peningkatan Produktivitas Tanah Gambut yang disawahkan dengan Pemberian Bahan Amelioran Tanah Mineral Berkadar Besi Tinggi. Disertasi, Program Pascasarjana: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
[20] Dohong, A. (2016). An Assessment of the Restoration Efforts of Degraded Peatland In Central Kalimantan Indonesia. Thesis of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, University of Queensland.
[21] Roux, GL., dan Marshall, WA.(2011). Constructing recent peat accumulation chronologies using atmospheric fall-out radionuclides. Mires and Peat, 7(08), 1–14.
[22] Ponziani, M., Ngan-Tillard, DJM., Slob, EC. (2011). A new prototype cell to study electrical and geo-mechanical properties of peaty soils. Engineering Geology, (119), 74–81.
[23] Khoshand, A., dan Fall, M. (2016). Geotechnical characterization of peat-based landfill cover materials. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 1-9.
[24] Tuukkanen, T., Marttila, H., Klove, B. (2014). Effect of soil properties on peat erosion and suspended sediment delivery in drained peatlands. Water Resources Research, (50), 3523–3535.
[25] Prabandini, G.(2016). Pengukuran Konduktivitas Hidrolik Gambut dengan Menggunakan Metode Slug Test (Studi Kasus: Katingan, Kalimantan Tengah). Skripsi, Departemen Geofisika dan Meteorologi, FMIPA, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
[26] Agus, F., Anda, M., Jamil, A., Masganti. (2016). Lahan Gambut Indonesia Pembentukan, Karakteristik, dan Potensi Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan (Edisi Revisi). Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jakarta: Kementerian Pertanian.
[27] Suriadikarta, DA. (2012). Teknologi Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Sumber Daya Lahan, (15), 197-212.
[28] Peters, A., (2013). Simple consistent models for water retention and hydraulic conductivity in the complete moisture range. Water Resources Research, (49), 6765–6780.
[29] Suryanta, J., Turmudi, Nahib, I., Suwarno, Y. (2016). Kajian Cadangan Karbon Lahan Gambut Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. Makalah disajikan dalam Seminar Nasional Peran Geospasial dalam Membingkai NKRI, Jakarta, Badan Informasi Geospasial.
[30] Manuri, S., Putra, CAS., Saputra, AD, (2011). Tehnik Pendugaan Cadangan Karbon Hutan. Merang REDD Pilot Project– German International Cooperation (MRPP-GIZ). Dinas Kehutanan Sumsel : Palembang.
[31] Azham, Z. (2015). Estimasi Cadangan Karbon pada Tutupan Lahan Hutan Sekunder, Semak dan Belukar di Kota Samarinda. Jurnal AGRIFOR, XIV(2), 325-338.
[32] Rochmayanto, Y., Wibowo, A., Lugina, M., Butarbutar, T., Mulyadin, RM., Wicaksono, D.(2014). Cadangan Karbon pada berbagai Tipe Hutan dan Jenis Tanaman di Indonesia. Rusulono, T., (eds). Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan kehutanan, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perubahan Iklim dan Kebijakan, Kementrian Kehutanan.. Yogyakarta. : PT Kanisius.
