The effect of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) pre-treatment using bagasse on Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content
Abstract
Used Cooking Oil (UCO) refers to cooking oil that has been previously used. UCO can be reused through impurity removal and reduction of the FFA high content. The reduction of FFA content in UCO can be achieved using the adsorption method, employing adsorbents derived from various materials such as agricultural waste and zeolite. Examples of agricultural waste suitable for this purpose include rice husks, straw, and bagasse, the latter of which can serve as a natural adsorbent. This study aimed to investigate the impact of UCO pre-treatment on FFA content. The research comprised three stages: preparation, adsorption, and analysis. Initially, the FFA content in UCO was 5.50 %. The pre-treatment of UCO involved using bagasse with varying stirring speeds (0, 150, 200 rpm) and adsorption temperatures (70, 85, 100 oC). Optimal pre-treatment conditions were identified, with the most significant reduction in FFA to 1.49 % observed at 200 rpm and 100 oC. The utilization of bagasse as a natural adsorbent effectively reduces the high FFA content in UCO as part of its pre-treatment process.
References
Berghuis, N. T., Novianti, N. F., & Ratri, P. J. (2023). Isolation of Lignin from Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Chromium Ion. Makara Journal of Science, 27(3), 217–226. https://doi.org/10.7454/mss.v27i3.1446
Clowutimon, W., Kitchaiya, P., dan Assawasaengrat, P. 2011. Adsorption of Free Fatty Acid from Crude Palm Oil on Magnesium Silicate Derived from Rice Husk. Engineering Journal. 15(3): 16–25. https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2011.15.3.15
Ferdian, M. A., Perdana, R. G., Rahardjo, P. P., Hatta, S., Malang, K., Kehutanan, P., Kehutanan, F., Malang, P., dan Soekarno Hatta, J. 2022. Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah dengan Metode Adsorbsi Menggunakan Ampas Tebu. Jurnal Argoindustri, 8(2): 147-154. https://doi.org/10.30997/jah.v8i2.4713.
Gorgulho, H. de F., Guilharduci, V. V. da S., dan Martelli, P. B. 2018. Sugarcane Bagasse as Potentially Low-Cost Biosorbent. Sugarcane - Technology and Research. 265-280. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72153
Hananto, Y. dan Rosdiana, J. 2023. Penurunan Kadar FFA (Free Fatty Acid) Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Adsorben Arang Aktif Ampas Tebu dalam Pembuatan Biodiesel. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (JESTY), 1(1): 8-17. https://doi.org/10.47134/jesty.v1i1.1
Herawaty, N. dan Chaterina, W. 2018. Regenerasi Minyak Jelantah Sebagai Bahan Baku Biodiesel Menggunakan Ampas Tebu Sebagai Adsorben. Distilasi, 3(1): 41-46. https://doi.org/10.32502/jd.v3i1.1882.
Irawan, C., Awalia, T. N., dan W.P.H, S. U. 2013. Pengurangan Kadar Asam Lemak Bebas (Free Fatty Acid) dan Warna dari Minyak Goreng Bekas dengan Adsorpsi Menggunakan Campuran Sabut Kelapa dan Sekam Padi. Konversi, 2(2): 28. https://doi.org/10.20527/k.v2i2.82
Iwuozor, K. O., Oyekunle, I. P., Oladunjoye, I., & Ibitogbe, E. (2021). A Review on the Mitigation of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution using Sugarcane Bagasse. Sugar Tech, 24(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-021-01051-w
Kumar, A., Ewing, A. H. dan Wereley, S. T. 2014. Optical Tweezers for Manipulating Cells and Particles. Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics Springer US. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27758-0_1162-2
Kuśmierek, K. dan wia¸tkowski, A. 2015. The Influence of Different Agitation Techniques on The Adsorption Kinetics of 4-chlorophenol on Granular Activated Carbon. Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis, 116(1): 261–271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-015-0889-1
Mahreni. 2010. Peluang dan Tantangan Komersialisasi Biodisel-Review. Eksergi, 10(2): 15-26. https://doi.org/10.31315/e.v10i2.335
Pakpahan, J. F., Tambunan, T., Harimby, A., dan Ritonga, M. Y. 2013. Pengurangan FFA dan Warna dari Minyak Jelantah dengan Adsorben: Serabut Kelapa dan Jerami. Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, 2(1). https://jurnal.usu.ac.id/index.php/jtk/article/view/1020/0
Rahayu, L. H., Purnavita, S., Kimia, A., Santo, I., Semarang, P., dan Sriwijaya, J. 2014. Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Adsorpsi terhadap Sifat Kimia-Fisika Minyak Goreng Bekas Hasil Pemurnian Menggunakan Adsorben Ampas Pati Aren dan Bentonit. Momentum, 10(2): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36499/jim.v10i2.1058
Ramdja, A. F., Febrina, L., dan Krisdianto, D. 2010. Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Ampas Tebu Sebagai Adsorben. Jurnal Teknik Kimia, 17(1): 7-14.
Ratno, Mawarani, L. J., dan Zulkifli. 2013. Pengaruh Ampas Tebu sebagai Adsorbent pada Proses pre-treatment Minyak Jelantah terhadap Karakteristik Biodiesel. Jurnal Teknik POMITS, 2(2):257-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j23373539.v2i2.4882
Selpiana, Nabilla, S., dan Pertiwi, E. 2016. Rekayasa Adsorber Terintegrasi pada Proses Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah. Jurnal Teknik Kimia, 4(22): 28-34. http://ejournal.ft.unsri.ac.id/index.php/JTK/article/view/911
Sera, R., Lesmana, D., dan Maharani, D. A. 2019. Pengaruh Temperatur dan Waktu Kontak terhadap Adsorpsi Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Adsorben dari Bagas. Jurnal Kelitbangan, 7(2): 30-34. http://journalbalitbangdalampung.org
Sirajuddin, Syahrir, M., dan Syahrir, I. 2017. Optimasi Kecepatan Pengadukan pada Proses Adsorpsi Limbah Cair Laundry untuk Menurunkan Kadar Surfaktan Menggunakan Batu Bara, Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi 2017. p. 1-8. https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/semnastek/article/view/1943
Sulung, N., Chandra, A., dan Fatmi, D. 2019. Efektivitas Ampas Tebu Sebagai Adsorben untuk Pemurnian Minyak Jelatah Produk Sanjai. Jurnal Katalisator, 4(2): 125-132. https://doi.org/10.22216/jk.v4i2.4086
Trisnaliani, L., Ridwan, K., dan Fitriyanti, D. 2019. Pretreatment Minyak Jelantah dengan Menggunakan Adsorben sebagai Bahan Baku Biodiesel. Jurnal Kinetika, 10(3): 19-24. https://jurnal.polsri.ac.id/index.php/kimia/article/view/2325
Usman, N. W. 2020. Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi dan Suhu Zeolit terhadap Penurunan Kadar Free Fatty Acid (FFA) pada Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Metode Adsorpsi. Skripsi. Jurusan Teknik Kimia Mineral, Politeknik ATI Makassar.
Wannahari, R., Firdhaus, M., dan Nordin, M. 2012. The Recovery of Used Palm Cooking Oil Using Bagasse as Adsorbent. American J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 5(1), 59–62. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2012.59.62
Wijayanti, R. 2009. Arang Aktif dari Ampas Tebu sebagai Adsorben pada Pemurnian Minyak Goreng Bekas. Skripsi. Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.