MODIFIKASI PERALATAN PEMBAKARAN BATUBARA PERINGKAT RENDAH UNTUK KARAKTERISASI EMISI GAS METANA
Abstract
Potensi batubara Provinsi Sumatera Selatan hampir 80% didominasi oleh batubara peringkat rendah berupa lignit dan sub-bituminus. Pemanfaatan batubara peringkat rendah harus mempertimbangkan lingkungan terutama polusi udara oleh gas rumah kaca yang terdiri dari gas CO2 dan CH4 yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap pemanasan global. Gas CH4 merupakan gas yang sangat potensial penyebab terjadinya pemanasan global karena dampaknya 80 kali lebih kuat dari gas CO2. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan peralatan sederhana pembakaran batubara peringkat rendah dengan cara memodifikasi model yang sudah ada untuk menganalisis emisi gas CH4 skala laboratorium. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelititan ini meliputi modifikasi model coal fixed-bed combustion, proses pembakaran, pengambilan data, pengujian statistik, analisis data emisi gas CH4 yang berkaitan dengan temperatur dan waktu pembakaran untuk batubara sub-bituminus dengan perbedaan nilai kalori BA-59 dan BA-63. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peralatan pembakaran batubara yang dirancang dan dibangun dengan memodifikasi model coal fixed-bed combustion dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis karakteristik emisi gas CH4; pembentukan emisi gas CH4 akan lebih tinggi pada batubara BA-59 dibandingkan dengan batubara BA-63 masing-masing sebesar 4,8 ppm dan 1,3 ppm; temperatur pembakaran pada batubara kalori lebih rendah akan lebih rendah dibandingkan pada batubara kalori lebih tinggi masing-masing 31oC dan 40oC; dan waktu inkubasi pembentukan emisi gas CH4 terjadi lebih cepat pada batubara kalori lebih rendah masing-masing 7 menit dan 10 menit sedangkan lama pembakaran batubara batubara kalori yang lebih rendah akan lebih lama dibandingkan batubara kalori yang lebih tinggi masing-masing 72 menit dan 53 menit.
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